Visual Guide from Jamie’s Lice Angels

What Does Head Lice Look Like?

Head lice are small, wingless insects that live on the human scalp and feed on blood. They are about the size of a sesame seed and are usually light brown or greyish-white in color. They have six legs with claws that cling to hair strands close to the scalp.

They lay eggs called nits — small, oval-shaped eggs that attach to the hair shaft near the scalp. Nits can be difficult to see and may resemble dandruff or hair spray residue. Adult lice are more visible and can often be seen moving quickly through the hair.

Side-by-side comparison of adult louse and nymph — identifying head lice

Adult louse (left) vs. second-stage nymph (right) — actual size is about the size of a sesame seed.

Where to Look for Lice and Nits

Lice and nits are not spread evenly throughout the hair. They concentrate in warm areas close to the scalp. When checking for lice, focus on these three spots first:

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Behind the Ears

One of the most common spots. The warm skin behind each ear is a preferred location for both lice and nits.

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Nape of the Neck

The hairline at the back of the neck is another hotspot. Check the first inch of hair from the scalp carefully.

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Crown of the Head

The top and part line of the head. Part the hair in multiple places and look at the scalp directly under good lighting.

Nits vs. Dandruff — How to Tell the Difference

The most common mistake people make is confusing nits with dandruff or dry scalp. Here’s how to tell them apart:

✓ Nits

  • Firmly attached to the hair shaft — will not flake off when touched
  • Teardrop or oval shaped
  • Usually found within 1 inch of the scalp
  • Brown when alive, transparent/white after hatching

✗ Dandruff / Dry Scalp

  • Flakes off easily when touched or brushed
  • Irregular shape, flaky texture
  • Found anywhere on the scalp and hair
  • White or grey
  • Moves freely when you touch the hair

Quick test: Try to slide the speck down the hair shaft with your fingernail. If it moves easily — dandruff. If it’s stuck and requires effort to remove — it’s likely a nit.

Identifying Head Lice in Different Hair Types

Lice look and behave differently depending on hair color and texture. Here’s what to look for in each hair type.

Blonde Hair

Nits in blonde hair are particularly hard to spot. After the nit hatches, the empty shell becomes transparent or whitish — blending in almost perfectly with light hair. Live nits are slightly yellowish which can help distinguish them.

The lice themselves are actually easier to see in blonde hair because their brown bodies contrast against the light strands.

What to look for: Small, oval specks attached to individual hairs near the scalp. They will not brush off easily.

Live lice and nits on blonde hair — close-up photo
Live lice and nits visible in blonde hair
Nits attached to blonde hair shafts — close-up photo
Hatched nit shells in blonde hair

Dark Brown Hair

Brown hair presents the opposite challenge. Nits are easier to spot because their whitish color contrasts against the darker hair. However, the lice themselves blend in with brown hair, making them harder to catch in motion.

Look closely at the scalp in bright light. Lice move fast — part the hair quickly and look before they scatter.

What to look for: White or off-white oval specks glued to individual hairs within an inch of the scalp. Moving brown specks on the scalp are live lice.

Live louse in dark brown hair — close-up photo
Live louse visible in dark brown hair
Nits attached to dark brown hair shafts — close-up photo
Nits on dark brown hair shafts

Brown Curly Hair

Curly hair is the most challenging for detection. The curls create natural hiding spots where nits can be tucked out of sight, and lice can move between strands more easily.

The best approach is to work in small sections, straightening each section slightly as you go, and use a fine-toothed comb under bright light. Don’t rush this — it’s easy to miss an infestation in curly hair.

What to look for: Small white or yellowish specks attached to individual curls, usually within an inch of where the hair meets the scalp.

Nits in curly brown hair — close-up photo
Nits hiding in brown curly hair
Nits in curly brown hair — second view
Close-up of nits in curly brown hair

Not Sure if It’s Lice?

Let Us Take a Look — Head Checks Are Quick

If you’re not sure what you’re seeing, call us. We do head checks and can tell you in minutes whether it’s lice, nits, or something else entirely. Same-day appointments may be available.